Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions. Proteins are vital parts of living organisms, as they are the main components of the physiological metabolic pathways of cells. The proteome is the entire complement of proteins, including the modifications made to a particular set of proteins, produced by an organism or system. This book presents and discusses various topical data on proteomics, including: proteomic technologies used in celiac disease, protein location in plant proteomics, the prediction of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) using proteomics, proteomic studies of mild cognitive impairment, among others.